Compare Liberia (2008) - Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002)

Compare Liberia (2008) z Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002)

	Liberia (2008)	Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002)

Administrative divisions	15 counties; Bomi, Bong, Gbarpolu, Grand Bassa, Grand Cape Mount, Grand Gedeh, Grand Kru, Lofa, Margibi, Maryland, Montserrado, Nimba, River Cess, River Gee, Sinoe	none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order
Age structure	0-14 years: 43.6% (male 698,382/female 695,409) 15-64 years: 53.6% (male 848,951/female 865,380) 65 years and over: 2.7% (male 42,745/female 45,064) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: 25.4% (male 904; female 864) 15-64 years: 64.4% (male 2,288; female 2,193) 65 years and over: 10.2% (male 303; female 402) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	rubber, coffee, cocoa, rice, cassava (tapioca), palm oil, sugarcane, bananas; sheep, goats; timber	vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish
Airports	53 (2007)	2 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 over 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 51 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 8 under 914 m: 38 (2007)	-
Area	total: 111,370 sq km land: 96,320 sq km water: 15,050 sq km	total: 242 sq km land: 242 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups
Area - comparative	slightly larger than Tennessee	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Settlement of freed slaves from the US in what is today Liberia began in 1822; by 1847, the Americo-Liberians were able to establish a republic. William TUBMAN, president from 1944-71, did much to promote foreign investment and to bridge the economic, social, and political gaps between the descendents of the original settlers and the inhabitants of the interior. In 1980, a military coup led by Samuel DOE ushered in a decade of authoritarian rule. In December 1989, Charles TAYLOR launched a rebellion against DOE's regime that led to a prolonged civil war in which DOE himself was killed. A period of relative peace in 1997 allowed for elections that brought TAYLOR to power, but major fighting resumed in 2000. An August 2003, peace agreement ended the war and prompted the resignation of former president Charles TAYLOR, who faces war crimes charges in The Hague related to his involvement in Sierra Leone's civil war. After two years of rule by a transitional government, democratic elections in late 2005 brought President Ellen JOHNSON SIRLEAF to power. The UN Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) maintains a strong presence throughout the country, but the security situation is still fragile and the process of rebuilding the social and economic structure of this war-torn country will take many years.	First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.
Birth rate	43.75 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	14.96 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: NA expenditures: NA	revenues: $70 million expenditures: $60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million
Capital	name: Monrovia geographic coordinates: 6 18 N, 10 48 W time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	Saint-Pierre
Climate	tropical; hot, humid; dry winters with hot days and cool to cold nights; wet, cloudy summers with frequent heavy showers	cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy
Coastline	579 km	120 km
Constitution	6 January 1986	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: Republic of Liberia conventional short form: Liberia	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
Currency	-	euro (EUR); French franc (FRF)
Death rate	22.24 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	6.61 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$3.2 billion (2005 est.)	$NA
Dependency status	-	self-governing territorial collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Donald E. BOOTH embassy: 111 United Nations Drive, P. O. Box 10-0098, Mamba Point, 1000 Monrovia, 10 mailing address: use embassy street address telephone: [231] 7-705-4825 or 4826 FAX: [231] 7-701-0370	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Charles A. MINOR chancery: 5201 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011 telephone: [1] (202) 723-0437 FAX: [1] (202) 723-0436 consulate(s) general: New York	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Disputes - international	although civil unrest continues to abate with the assistance of 18,000 UN Mission in Liberia (UNMIL) peacekeepers, as of January 2007, Liberian refugees still remain in Guinea, Cote d'Ivoire, Sierra Leone, and Ghana; Liberia, in turn, shelters refugees fleeing turmoil in Cote d'Ivoire; despite the presence of over 9,000 UN forces (UNOCI) in Cote d'Ivoire since 2004, ethnic conflict continues to spread into neighboring states who can no longer send their migrant workers to Ivorian cocoa plantations; UN sanctions ban Liberia from exporting diamonds and timber	none
Economic aid - recipient	$236.2 million (2005)	approximately $60 million in annual grants from France
Economy - overview	Civil war and government mismanagement destroyed much of Liberia's economy, especially the infrastructure in and around the capital, Monrovia. Many businesses fled the country, taking capital and expertise with them, but with the conclusion of fighting and the installation of a democratically-elected government in 2006, some have returned. Richly endowed with water, mineral resources, forests, and a climate favorable to agriculture, Liberia had been a producer and exporter of basic products - primarily raw timber and rubber. Local manufacturing, mainly foreign owned, had been small in scope. President JOHNSON SIRLEAF, a Harvard-trained banker and administrator, has taken steps to reduce corruption, build support from international donors, and encourage private investment. Embargos on timber and diamond exports have been lifted, opening new sources of revenue for the government. The reconstruction of infrastructure and the raising of incomes in this ravaged economy will largely depend on generous financial and technical assistance from donor countries and foreign investment in key sectors, such as infrastructure and power generation.	The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector.
Electricity - consumption	296.9 million kWh (2005)	38.13 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	319.3 million kWh (2005)	41 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Wuteve 1,380 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m
Environment - current issues	tropical rain forest deforestation; soil erosion; loss of biodiversity; pollution of coastal waters from oil residue and raw sewage	recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation	-
Ethnic groups	indigenous African 95% (including Kpelle, Bassa, Gio, Kru, Grebo, Mano, Krahn, Gola, Gbandi, Loma, Kissi, Vai, Dei, Bella, Mandingo, and Mende), Americo-Liberians 2.5% (descendants of immigrants from the US who had been slaves), Congo People 2.5% (descendants of immigrants from the Caribbean who had been slaves)	Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)
Exchange rates	Liberian dollars per US dollar - NA (2007), 59.43 (2006), 53.098 (2005), 54.906 (2004), 59.379 (2003)	euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Ellen JOHNSON SIRLEAF (since 16 January 2006); note - the President is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Ellen JOHNSON SIRLEAF (since 16 January 2006) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate elections: president elected by popular vote for a six-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 8 November 2005 (next to be held in 2011) election results: Ellen JOHNSON SIRLEAF elected president; percent of vote, second round - Ellen JOHNSON SIRLEAF 59.6%, George WEAH 40.4%	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Claude VALLEIX (since 9 October 2002) head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, first round - 21 April 2002, second round - 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council
Exports	23.31 bbl/day (2004)	$12 million f.o.b. (1999)
Exports - commodities	rubber, timber, iron, diamonds, cocoa, coffee	fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts
Exports - partners	Germany 40.1%, South Africa 12%, Poland 11.7%, US 8.5%, Spain 8.2% (2006)	US 43%, Egypt 14%, Japan 11%, Colombia 8% (1999)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	11 equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white; there is a white five-pointed star on a blue square in the upper hoist-side corner; the design was based on the US flag	a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with a black wave line under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the square into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one on top of the other; the flag of France is used for official occasions
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $74 million (1996 est.); supplemented by annual payments from France of about $60 million (1996 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 76.9% industry: 5.4% services: 17.7% (2002 est.)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $11,000 (1996 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	8.5% (2007 est.)	NA%
Geographic coordinates	6 30 N, 9 30 W	46 50 N, 56 20 W
Geography - note	facing the Atlantic Ocean, the coastline is characterized by lagoons, mangrove swamps, and river-deposited sandbars; the inland grassy plateau supports limited agriculture	vegetation scanty
Highways	-	total: 114 km paved: 69 km unpaved: 45 km (1994 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	transshipment point for Southeast and Southwest Asian heroin and South American cocaine for the European and US markets; corruption, criminal activity, arms-dealing, and diamond trade provide significant potential for money laundering, but the lack of well-developed financial system limits the country's utility as a major money-laundering center	-
Imports	3,532 bbl/day (2004)	$55 million f.o.b. (1999)
Imports - commodities	fuels, chemicals, machinery, transportation equipment, manufactured goods; foodstuffs	meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials
Imports - partners	South Korea 43.2%, Singapore 15%, Japan 12.8%, China 8.2% (2006)	France 44%, Canada 40% (1999)
Independence	26 July 1847	none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	rubber processing, palm oil processing, timber, diamonds	fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism
Infant mortality rate	total: 149.73 deaths/1,000 live births male: 165.65 deaths/1,000 live births female: 133.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	8.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	15% (2003 est.)	2.1% (1991-96 average)
International organization participation	ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO	FZ, WFTU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	30 sq km (2003)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court	Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
Labor force	-	3,000 (1997) (1997)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 70% industry: 8% services: 22% (2000 est.)	fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.)
Land boundaries	total: 1,585 km border countries: Guinea 563 km, Cote d'Ivoire 716 km, Sierra Leone 306 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 3.43% permanent crops: 1.98% other: 94.59% (2005)	arable land: 13.04% permanent crops: 0% other: 86.96% (1998 est.)
Languages	English 20% (official), some 20 ethnic group languages, of which a few can be written and are used in correspondence	French (official)
Legal system	dual system of statutory law based on Anglo-American common law for the modern sector and customary law based on unwritten tribal practices for indigenous sector; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations	French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation
Legislative branch	bicameral National Assembly consists of the Senate (30 seats; note - number of seats changed in 11 October 2005 elections; members elected by popular vote to serve nine-year terms) and the House of Representatives (64 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: Senate - last held 11 October 2005 (next to be held in 2011); House of Representatives - last held 11 October 2005 (next to be held in 2011) election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - COTOL 7, NPP 4, CDC 3, LP 3, UP 3, APD 3, other 7; House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CDC 15, LP 9, COTOL 8, UP 8, APD 5, NPP 4, other 15 note: junior senators - those who received the second most votes in each county in the 11 October 2005 election - will only serve a six-year first term because the Liberian constitution mandates staggered Senate elections to ensure continuity of government; all senators will be eligible for nine-year terms thereafter	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5 note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UDF 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 40.39 years male: 38.93 years female: 41.89 years (2007 est.)	total population: 77.93 years male: 75.66 years female: 80.32 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 57.5% male: 73.3% female: 41.6% (2003 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1982 est.)
Location	Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Cote d'Ivoire and Sierra Leone	Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)
Map references	Africa	North America
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 200 nm	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	total: 1,948 ships (1000 GRT or over) 71,387,243 GRT/109,450,945 DWT by type: barge carrier 3, bulk carrier 338, cargo 91, chemical tanker 211, combination ore/oil 9, container 614, liquefied gas 81, passenger 2, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 455, refrigerated cargo 91, roll on/roll off 6, specialized tanker 11, vehicle carrier 35 foreign-owned: 1,904 (Argentina 3, Australia 2, Belgium 1, Brazil 3, Canada 3, China 32, Croatia 5, Cyprus 5, Denmark 12, Estonia 1, France 5, Germany 728, Gibraltar 7, Greece 311, Hong Kong 21, India 2, Indonesia 1, Israel 9, Italy 31, Japan 111, South Korea 4, Kuwait 1, Latvia 15, Lebanon 2, Mexico 1, Monaco 8, Netherlands 28, Norway 42, Poland 14, Qatar 2, Russia 87, Saudi Arabia 24, Singapore 42, Slovenia 1, Sweden 11, Switzerland 11, Taiwan 82, Turkey 7, Ukraine 24, UAE 22, UK 74, US 103, Uruguay 3, Vietnam 3) (2007)	none (2002 est.)
Military - note	-	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	Armed Forces of Liberia (AFL): Army, Navy, Air Force	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	1.3% (2006 est.)	-
National holiday	Independence Day, 26 July (1847)	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: Liberian(s) adjective: Liberian	noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women) adjective: French
Natural hazards	dust-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara (December to March)	persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources	iron ore, timber, diamonds, gold, hydropower	fish, deepwater ports
Net migration rate	26.86 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)	-4.89 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Alliance for Peace and Democracy or APD [Togba-na TIPOTEH]; Coalition for the Transformation of Liberia or COTOL [H. Varney SHERMAN]; Congress for Democratic Change or CDC [George WEAH]; Liberty Party or LP [Charles BRUMSKINE]; National Patriotic Party or NPP [Roland MASSAQUOI]; Unity Party or UP [Ellen JOHNSON SIRLEAF]	PRG [leader NA]; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders	Demobilized former military officers	NA
Population	3,195,931 (July 2007 est.)	6,954 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	80% (2000 est.)	NA%
Population growth rate	4.836% (2007 est.)	0.35% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Saint Pierre
Radio broadcast stations	AM 0, FM 10, shortwave 2 (2007)	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	-	4,000 (1997)
Railways	total: 490 km standard gauge: 345 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 145 km 1.067-m gauge note: sections of railway are inoperable because of damage suffered during the civil war (2008)	0 km
Religions	Christian 40%, Muslim 20%, indigenous beliefs 40%	Roman Catholic 99%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.004 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.981 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.949 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: the limited services available are found almost exclusively in the capital Monrovia; coverage extended to a number of other towns and rural areas by four mobile-cellular network operators domestic: combined fixed and mobile-cellular teledensity only about 5 per 100 persons international: country code - 231; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system
Telephones - main lines in use	6,900 (2002)	4,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular	160,000 (2005)	0 (1994)
Television broadcast stations	4 (plus 4 repeaters) (2007)	0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)
Terrain	mostly flat to rolling coastal plains rising to rolling plateau and low mountains in northeast	mostly barren rock
Total fertility rate	5.94 children born/woman (2007 est.)	2.1 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	85% (2003 est.)	9.8% (1997) (1997)
Waterways	-	none

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